The uprights connect the suspension and steering to the wheels of the car, making it the first structural link between the ground and the moving car. The uprights will also house most of the drivetrain and cooling system in a compact package. Because of this, the uprights need to be designed to allow for maximum suspension performance, minimal compliance and integration of the steering and drivetrain systems. The uprights have many structural connections and effects on car dynamics which necessitates much collaboration with suspension, steering, drivetrain, brakes & pedals, cooling and vehicle dynamics. The design job includes component design, extensive FEA and topology optimization.